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In Dreadful Desires Charlie Yi Zhang examines how the Chinese state deploys affective notions of love to regulate the population and secure China's place in the global economy. Zhang shows how the state frames love as a set of desires that encompass heteronormative intimacy, familial and communal attachment, upward mobility, and private property ownership. These desires-as circulated in performance in the nationalistic ceremony, same-sex romantic fan fiction, the wildly popular reality television dating show If You Are the One, and the cult of patriarchal personality around Xi Jinping-are explicitly based in oppressive systems of gender, class, and sexuality. Zhang contends that such desires connect love to economic survival and gender normativity in ways that underwrite Chinese neoliberalism at the expense of individual flourishing. By outlining how state-framed forms of love create desires that cannot be fulfilled, Zhang places China at the forefront of using affective attachments to nation, leader, and family in the global shifts toward exploitation and authoritarianism.
In Dreadful Desires Charlie Yi Zhang examines how the Chinese state deploys affective notions of love to regulate the population and secure China's place in the global economy. Zhang shows how the state frames love as a set of desires that encompass heteronormative intimacy, familial and communal attachment, upward mobility, and private property ownership. These desires-as circulated in performance in the nationalistic ceremony, same-sex romantic fan fiction, the wildly popular reality television dating show If You Are the One, and the cult of patriarchal personality around Xi Jinping-are explicitly based in oppressive systems of gender, class, and sexuality. Zhang contends that such desires connect love to economic survival and gender normativity in ways that underwrite Chinese neoliberalism at the expense of individual flourishing. By outlining how state-framed forms of love create desires that cannot be fulfilled, Zhang places China at the forefront of using affective attachments to nation, leader, and family in the global shifts toward exploitation and authoritarianism.
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
Part I. Mapping the Edgeless Landscape of Love
1. Love of the Zeitgeist: Temporalized Desire in the PRC's
Sixtieth-Anniversary Ceremony 35
2. Only If You Are the One! The Expansive Neoliberal Universe
through Love Competitors' Eyes 60
Part II. Tracing the Machinery That Both Integrates China into and
Separates It From the World
3. The Woeful Landscape of Love: Work Hard, Dream Big, and Die
Slowly 97
4. Lessons from the Polarizing Love: Mapping Contradictions for
Social Change 127
5. Love with an Unspeakable Name: The Exceptional Danmei World as
the Escape Route 155
Conclusion. Envisioning a Love-Enabled Future 177
Notes 187
Bibliography 227
Index 255
Charlie Yi Zhang is Associate Professor of Gender and Women’s Studies at the University of Kentucky.
“This fantastic book is an examination of the undoing of the
Chinese worker under neoliberal reform through self-defeating
acts of love in the name of family and sacrifice for the sake of
children. With great critical insight, Zhang unpacks how the
affective renunciations of disenfranchised workers shore up the
interests of transnational capital and socialism with Chinese
characteristics, resulting in a vertiginous race to the
bottom.”
*Racial Melancholia, Racial Dissociation: On the Social and Psychic
Lives of Asian Americans*
“Charlie Yi Zhang offers to do for love in China what Lauren
Berlant, in Cruel Optimism, does for hope. He brilliantly shows how
the idea of love has been sold as a means of reinforcing power
dynamics that structure the lives of so many people,
especially women, laborers, and rural people. Deploying a unique,
interdisciplinary combination of ethnographic inquiry and media
analysis, Zhang complicates the ways in which we take desire,
affective worlds, and class aspirations for granted.”
*Chinese Surplus: Biopolitical Aesthetics and the Medically
Commodified Body*
"... this book with the author’s rich, interesting recounting of
China’s political–economic traumas and ironies and his piercing
critique of the party-state’s neoliberal mentality and capitalist
exploitation, is of great significance and can spark further
critical inspections of discourses on love and intimacy in
post-2020 neoliberal China."
*China Quarterly*
"Dreadful Desires paints a grim picture. After reading, one feels
immersed in an atmosphere of scarred landscapes, ruined bodies,
aspirations cynically manipulated and carelessly crushed by the
machinery of a corrupted power. It is an immensely important book
for our times."
*Cultural Studies*
"Dreadful Desires successfully shows the illusions, pitfalls,
contradictions, and possibilities in the process of
neoliberalization in an authoritarian state such as China. It
contains numerous insights into contemporary China, and I admire
the author’s critical sensitivity to capture and theorize the
present moments within a larger historical and transnational
framework. It is a must-read for anyone who is interested in
contemporary Chinese culture, labor, economy, biopolitics, and
gender, as well as feminist and LGBTQ+ activism."
*Journal of Asian Studies*
"Ambitious in temporal and spatial scale and rich in methodological
contents, Dreadful Desires emphasizes the centrality of affect and
gender/sexuality as part of China’s political and economic
transformation. . . . As Xi Jinping’s China takes an inward turn,
especially post-COVID-19, this book lays out critical entry points
for readers to get a glimpse of everyday people’s lives and
desires, which have become more and more difficult to see clearly
under increasing state control and surveillance."
*Asian Journal of Women's Studies*
"[Dreadful Desires] offers fresh insight into an important aspect
of modern China and will be of interest to academics who study
China, affect, and popular media culture."
*Signs*
"Dreadful Desires offers an innovative queer feminist examination
of the painstaking yet almost unescapable psychological/emotional
drive hidden behind China’s restless neo-liberalisation unleashed
by its party-state. . . . Zhang’s admirable efforts to queer the
hegemonic heteronormative power relationships in this book offers
real hope to envision an alternative future."
*NAN NÜ*
"Zhang draws on theories of transnational feminist studies and
anthropology to present a pioneering gender-focused neoliberal
critique of the contemporary Chinese government."
*Critical Asian Studies*
"Zhang brilliantly weaves together interdisciplinary and
theoretical insights and innovation to shed light on China's
transition from a socialist planned economy to a market model
governed by the state, writing against the grain to excavate the
connections between regulatory biopolitical regime, affectivities
and groups that are oftentimes invisiblised but indispensable for
the neoliberal restructuring."
*Anthropological Forum*
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