Table of Contents

Introduction: The Emergence of Pan-Asianism as an Ideal of Asian Identity and Solidarity, 1850–2008
Sven Saaler and Christopher W. A. Szpilman
Part I: The Dawn of Pan-Asianism, 1850–1900
Chapter 1: The Concept of "Asia" before Pan-Asianism
Matsuda Koichiro
Chapter 2: The Foundation Manifesto of the Koakai (Raising Asia Society) and the Ajia Kyokai (Asia Association), 1880–1883
Urs Matthias Zachmann
Chapter 3: The Genyosha (1881) and Premodern Roots of Japanese Expansionism
Joël Joos
Chapter 4: Koa—Raising Asia: Arao Sei and Inoue Masaji
Michael A. Schneider
Chapter 5: Tarui Tokichi’s Arguments on Behalf of the Union of the Great East, 1893
Kyu Hyun Kim
Chapter 6: Konoe Atsumaro and the Idea of an Alliance of the Yellow Race, 1898
Urs Matthias Zachmann
Chapter 7: Okakura Tenshin: "Asia Is One," 1903
Brij Tankha
Chapter 8: Okakura Tenshin and Pan-Asianism, 1903–1906
Jing He
Part II: The Era of Imperialism and Pan-Asianism in Japan, 1900–1914
Chapter 9: The Foundation Manifesto of the Toa Dobunkai (East Asian Common Culture Society), 1898
Urs Matthias Zachmann
Chapter 10: The Kokuryukai, 1901–1920
Sven Saaler
Chapter 11: Miyazaki Toten’s Pan-Asianism, 1915–1919
Christopher W. A. Szpilman
Chapter 12: Pan-Asianism, the "Yellow Peril," and Suematsu Kencho, 1905
Sven Saaler
Chapter 13: Hatano Uho: Asia in Danger, 1912
Renée Worringer
Chapter 14: Nagai Ryutaro: "The White Peril," 1913
Peter Duus
Part III: Asian Responses to Imperialism and Japanese Pan-Asianism, 1900–1922
Chapter 15: So Chaep'il: Editorials from Tongnip Sinmun (The Independent), 1898–1899
Kim Bongjin
Chapter 16: Zhang Taiyan and the Asiatic Humanitarian Brotherhood, 1907
Yuan P. Cai
Chapter 17: Aurobindo Ghose: "The Logic of Asia," 1908–1909
Brij Tankha
Chapter 18: Sin Ch'ae-ho: "A Critique of Easternism," 1909
Kim Bongjin
Chapter 19: Abdürresid Ibrahim: "The World of Islam and the Spread of Islam in Japan," 1910
Selçuk Esenbel
Chapter 20: An Chung-gun: "A Discourse on Peace in East Asia," 1910
Eun-jeung Lee
Chapter 21: Benoy Kumar Sarkar: The Asia of the Folk, 1916
Brij Tankha
Chapter 22: Li Dazhao: "Greater Asianism and New Asianism," 1919
Marc Andre Matten
Chapter 23: Kurban Ali and the Tatar Community in Japan, 1922
Selçuk Esenbel
Chapter 24: Rash Behari Bose: The Indian Independence Movement and Japan
Eri Hotta
Part IV: The Breakdown of the Imperialist Order: World War I and Pan-Asianism, 1914–1920
Chapter 25: Germany, Sun Yat-sen and Pan-Asianism, 1917–1923
Sven Saaler
Chapter 26: Pan-Asianism during and after World War I: Kodera Kenkichi (1916),
Sawayanagi Masataro (1919), and Sugita Teiichi (1920)
Sven Saaler
Chapter 27: Kita Ikki: "An Unofficial History of the Chinese Revolution," 1915, and "The Outline of a Plan for the Reconstruction of Japan," 1919
Christopher W. A. Szpilman
Chapter 28: Tokutomi Soho and the "Asiatic Monroe Doctrine," 1917
Alistair Swale
Chapter 29: Paul Richard: To Japan, 1917, and The Dawn over Asia, 1920
Christopher W. A. Szpilman
Chapter 30: Kita Reikichi: "Misunderstood Asianism" and "The Great Mission of Our Country," 1917
Christopher W. A. Szpilman
Chapter 31: Taraknath Das: Pan-Asian Solidarity as a "Realist" Grand Strategy, 1917–1918
Cemil Aydin
Chapter 32: Konoe Fumimaro: "A Call to Reject the Anglo-American Centered Peace," 1918
Eri Hotta
Bibliography

About the Author

Sven Saaler is professor of modern Japanese history at Sophia University, Tokyo.
Christopher W. A. Szpilman is professor of modern Japanese history  at Teikyo University, Tokyo.

Reviews

The first substantial compilation of materials on the topic in the English language . . . [which] not only fulfills the historiographical gap and teaching needs but also opens up further research into the subject. . . . The editors do not assume a coherent Pan-Asianism; rather, the strength of this collection lies in its acknowledgment of varieties, tensions, and changes within various voices of Pan-Asianism. . . . Each short chapter comes with an informative, easy-to-follow essay as well as translations of primary materials, making the collection ideal for undergraduate teaching. . . . Despite the sense of taboo around the subject of pan-Asianism, or rather because of it, carefully contextualized analyses of its history are highly important. Not only for teachers but also for any critical readers of Asian history and contemporary discussions of Asian integration, Pan-Asianism is a welcome and invaluable collection.
*East Asia Integration Studies*

These engaging tomes . . . offer a mint of scholarship on what has long been a troubling issue to decipher for students limited to the English language; namely, what is the deal with Pan-Asianism? . . . The question has long been of interest but few were the tools one could employ to gain insight or even access to more than mere cursory introductions. These books change the nature of that game [with] a two-volume set of fine translations covering the 19th and 20th centuries (with a bit into the 21st), focusing on a wide variety of well-known, and some lesser known, ideologues (Japanese and other) on the topic of pan-Asianism. . . . This is a set for any library and to serve as a reference on [researchers’] shelves. . . . These books bring an enormous span of disparate writings together, an exceedingly admirable goal even without the translations and introductions. . . . Each selection is preceded with a clear explanation from the translator, noting the significance and providing some background on the text itself. Sometimes the introductions or explanatory sections are longer than the actual translation, and that is fine because these volumes offer precisely that to the beginning reader an introduction. I can think of no better set of current volumes on the market that offer this wealth in terms of both coverage, depth of explanation, and then actual translation of primary text, to readers in English . . . . Saaler and Szpilman should be commended on being able both to corral an army of able and intellectually gifted scholars from around the world and get them to produce translations and introductions in this multi-layered collection of tracts from the last century and a half. . . . I can only imagine the effort put forward in producing this publication and the two volumes sit proudly on my shelf, already well-thumbed as I paw through them looking for insight.
*Reviews in History*

The publication of Pan-Asianism is a seminal event: until now it has been almost impossible to find translations on this strand of thought. . . . [I]n its scope and variety this easily is the best sourcebook on Pan-Asianism available in any language. Every academic library on Japan should stock this collection, and many scholars on modern Japan and Asia will benefit from owning it.
*Monumenta Nipponica*

Finally there is an excellent source book on Pan-Asianism, an ideology that has played an important role in Japan's regional interactions since the late 19th century. These two volumes are essential for any university or research library as they cover modern Asian history from the mid-19th century until the present. The set is an incredibly good value because it provides access to a comprehensive range of translated materials that encompass a number of languages. The contributors preface their translations with useful commentary that help readers understand the significance of what they are about to read, making this very useful for students and scholars. . . . A treasure trove of primary documents, some translated into English for the first time.
*Japan Times*

[A] welcome addition to an on-going conversation and a substantial resource for both scholars and students. . . . [T]his two-volume collection of documents brings together prominent visions of Asia from across the region and over nearly two centuries, all carefully placed in historical and intellectual context by thoughtful introductions from a long list of contributing scholars. . . . [R]emarkable in part for its breadth: geographical, chronological and ideological.
*Pacific Affairs*

This is an extraordinary undertaking, simply breathtaking in the range of writings it introduces to an English-speaking readership. The two volumes contain Pan-Asian writings by many well-known Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Indian, Indonesian, and Malaysian authors, in addition to manifestos produced by various Pan-Asian organizations. It is particularly helpful that these translations are introduced by essays written by leading scholars in the field. These two books together make an important scholarly contribution by opening up access to an area of modern history that has remained largely impenetrable to many of us.
*Naoko Shimazu, University of London*

'Pan-Asianism' galvanized—and still galvanizes—political imaginations from Afghanistan to Japan, from the Suez to Sakhalin, in an array of sometimes conflicting projects: defense against 'the West,' internal colonialism, transnational class solidarity, and celebration of religious and other traditions. These volumes, in translating seminal works from many languages and presenting skilled commentary, provide an unprecedented basis for a historical understanding of this perplexing yet vital concept. A gift to scholars and students for years to come.
*Julia Adeney Thomas, University of Notre Dame*